Atlas of the Flora of New England

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Genera - B

Baccharis
Baeria (see Lasthenia)
Ballota
Baptisia
Barbarea
Bartonia
Bassia (see also Kochia)
Beckmannia
Belamcanda (See Iris)
Bellis
Berberis
Berteroa
Beta
Betula
Bidens
Bifora
Bistorta
Blephilia
Blitum
Boechera (See also Borodinia)
Boehmeria
Bolboschoenus
Boltonia
Borago
Borodinia
Botrychium
Bouteloua
Brachyelytrum
Brachypodium
Brasenia
Brassica (see also Sinapis)
Braya
Briza
Bromus
Broussonetia
Buddleja
Buglossoides
Bulbostylis
Bunias
Bupleurum
Butomus


BACCHARIS (Family: Asteraceae)


Baccharis halimifolia Linnaeus - Sea-myrtle. 2n = 18.


Salt marshes, waste places.



BALLOTA (Family: Lamiaceae)


BALLOTA NIGRA Linnaeus subsp. FOETIDA - Black Horehound. 2n = (18), 20, 22.


Waste places, roadsides, calcareous hillsides. From Eurasia, northwestern Africa.



BAPTISIA (Family: Fabaceae)


BAPTISIA AUSTRALIS (Linnaeus) R. Brown var. AUSTRALIS - Blue False Indigo. 2n = 18.


Roadsides, fields, thickets, shores. From farther south and west.


BAPTISIA LEUCOPHAEA Nuttall - . 2n = ?


Railroads in dry sand. From farther west. [B. LEUCOPHAEA var. GLABRESCENS Larisey; B. BRACTEATA Muhlenberg ex Elliott var. GLABRESCENS (Larisey) Isely; B. BRACTEATA var. LEUCOPHAEA (Nuttall) Kartesz & Gandhi]


Baptisia tinctoria (Linnaeus) R. Brown - Wild Indigo. 2n = 18.


Dry fields, dry, open woods and clearings, in sterile or sandy soil. [B. tinctoria var. crebra Fernald]



BARBAREA (Family: Brassicaceae)


Barbarea orthoceras Ledebour - American Yellow-rocket. 2n = 16.


Streambanks, swamps, wet rocks.


BARBAREA STRICTA Andrzejowski - Small-flowered Winter-cress. 2n = 16.


Roadsides, waste places, fields, usually in moist soil. From Eurasia. [B. VULGARIS W.T. Aiton - (in part) misapplied]


BARBAREA VERNA (Miller) Ascherson - Early Winter-cress. 2n = 16.


Roadsides, fields, waste places. From Eurasia.


BARBAREA VULGARIS W.T. Aiton - Common Winter-cress. 2n = 16.


Roadsides, fields, waste places, usually in moist soil. From Eurasia, northern Africa. [B. VULGARIS var. ARCUATA (Opiz ex J. Presl & C. Presl) Fries; B. VULGARIS var. BRACHYCARPA Rouy & Foucaud]



BARTONIA (Family: Gentianaceae)


Bartonia paniculata (Michaux) Muhlenberg subsp. paniculata - Screw-stem. 2n = 52.


Swamps, wet woods, bogs, sphagnous or sandy pond and lake margins, meadows.


Bartonia paniculata (Michaux) Muhlenberg subsp. iodandra (B.L. Robinson) J.M. Gillett - . 2n = ?


Bogs, sphagnous lake and pond margins.


Bartonia virginica (Linnaeus) Britton, Sterns & Poggenburg - 2n = 52.


Meadows, clearings, fields, mounds in swampy woods, bog margins, wet, open woods, acid soil.



BASSIA (Family: Amaranthaceae)


BASSIA CRASSIFOLIA (Pallas) Soldano - Hairy Smotherweed. 2n = 18.


Weedy salt marshes, seashores, coastal dunes. From Eurasia. [B. HIRSUTA (Linnaeus) Ascherson - illegitimate name] Note: B. CRASSIFOLIA (Pallas) Soldano has appeared in various checklists as the alternative, valid name for the long-used, illegitimate name B. HIRUTA (Linnaeus) Ascherson. But the basis for this substitution is not known.]


BASSIA HYSSOPIFOLIA (Pallas) Kuntze - Fivehorn Smotherweed. 2n = 18.


Waste places. From Eurasia.



BECKMANNIA (Family: Poaceae)


BECKMANNIA SYZIGACHNE (Steudel) Fernald - American Sloughgrass. 2n = 14.


Wet, disturbed areas. From farther west and north.



BELLIS (Family: Asteraceae)


BELLIS PERENNIS Linnaeus - English Daisy. 2n = 18.


Waste places, roadsides. From Eurasia, northern Africa.



BERBERIS (Family: Berberidaceae)


BERBERIS THUNBERGII de Candolle - Japanese Barberry. 2n = 28.


Woods, old fields, pastures, roadsides and other open habitats. From eastern Asia.


BERBERIS VULGARIS Linnaeus - Common Barberry. 2n = 28.


Thickets, pastures, fencerows, roadsides, open woods. From Europe.


Berberis hybrid

BERBERIS X OTTAWENSIS C.K. Schneider - .


[B. THUNBERGII de Candolle X B. VULGARIS Linnaeus]



BERTEROA (Family: Brassicaceae)


BERTEROA INCANA (Linnaeus) de Candolle - Hoary Alyssum. 2n = 16.


Dry fields, roadsides, waste places. From Eurasia.


BERTEROA MUTABILIS (Ventenat) de Candolle - . 2n = 16.


Roadsides, waste places. From Eurasia.



BETA (Family: Amaranthaceae)


BETA VULGARIS Linnaeus subsp. VULGARIS - Common Beet. 2n = (9),18, (27), (36).


Waste places. From cultivation.



BETULA (Family: Betulaceae)


Betula alleghaniensis Britton - Yellow Birch. 2n = 84.


Rich, often wet, woods, rocky slopes, frequently on boulders. [B. alleghaniensis var. macrolepis (Fernald) Brayshaw; B. lutea F. Michaux - illegitimate name; B. lutea F. Michaux var. macrolepis Fernald]


Betula cordifolia Regel - Mountain Paper Birch. 2n = 28, (42), (56).


Moist, rocky slopes, often at upper elevations. [B. papyrifera Marshall var. cordifolia (Regel) Fernald]


Betula glandulosa Michaux - Dwarf Birch. 2n = 28, (42).


Acidic, rocky barrens in subalpine areas. [B. nana misapplied]


Betula lenta Linnaeus - Black Birch. 2n = 28.


Rich woods.


Betula minor (Tuckerman) Fernald - Dwarf White Birch. 2n = 56.


Acidic, rocky barrens in subalpine areas.


Betula nigra Linnaeus - River Birch. 2n = 28, (56).


Riverbanks, flood plains.


Betula papyrifera Marshall - Paper Birch. 2n = 56, 70, 84.


More or less open woods, especially on slopes. [B. papyrifera var. commutata (Regel) Fernald; B. papyrifera var. macrostachya Fernald; B. papyrifera var. pensilis Fernald]


BETULA PENDULA Roth - European Weeping Birch. 2n = 28, (42), (56).


Roadsides, thickets, salt marshes. From Eurasia.


Betula populifolia Marshall - Gray Birch. 2n = 28.


Sterile, dry to wet soil, open woods, old fields, waste places.


BETULA PUBESCENS Ehrhart subsp. PUBESCENS - European White Birch. 2n = 56, (58), (112).


Roadsides, thickets. From Europe. [B. ALBA Linnaeus - a rejected name]


Betula pumila Linnaeus - Swamp Birch. 2n = 56.


Bogs, swamps (often calcareous). [B. pumila var. glandulifera Regel; B. pumila var. renifolia Fernald; B. borealis Spach]


Betula hybrids

Betula X caerulea Blanchard (pro species) - .


[B. cordifolia Regel X B. populifolia Marshall; B. caerulea-grandis Blanchard]


Betula papyrifera Marshall X B. populifolia Marshall - .



Betula X raymundii Lepage - .


[B. populifolia Marshall X B. pumila Linnaeus]


Betula X sandbergii Britton (pro species) - .


[B. papyrifera Marshall X B. pumila Linnaeus]



BIDENS (Family: Asteraceae)


BIDENS ARISTOSA (Michaux) Britton - Midwestern Tickseed-sunflower. 2n = ?


Waste places, fields. From farther west. [B. ARISTOSA var. FRITCHEYI Fernald; B. ARISTOSA var. MUTICA (A. Gray) Gattinger ex Fernald]


Bidens beckii Torrey ex Sprengel - Water-marigold. 2n = 24, 26, 36.


Ponds, slow streams. [Megalodonta beckii (Torrey ex Sprengel) Greene]


Bidens bipinnata Linnaeus - Spanish-needles. 2n = (24), (36), (48), 72.


Waste places, roadsides.


Bidens cernua Linnaeus - Nodding Bur-marigold. 2n = 24, (48).


Swamps, shores, wet ditches, bottomlands, marshes. [B. cernua var. elliptica Wiegand; B. cernua var. integra Wiegand; B. cernua var. minima (Hudson) Pursh; B. cernua var. oligodonta Fernald & H. St. John]


Bidens connata Muhlenberg ex Willdenow - Swamp Beggar-ticks. 2n = 48, (72).


Shores, swamps. [B. connata var. fallax (Warnstorf) Sherff; B. connata var. gracilipes Fernald; B. connata var. petiolata (Nuttall) Farwell]


Bidens discoidea (Torrey & A. Gray) Britton - Small Beggar-ticks. 2n = 24.


Shores, swamps, marshes.


Bidens eatonii Fernald - 2n = 48.


Tidal shores, estuaries and marshes. [B. eatonii var. fallax Fernald; B. eatonii var. interstes (Fassett) Fassett; B. eatonii var. kennebecensis Fernald; B. eatonii var. major Fassett; B. eatonii var. mutabilis Fassett; B. eatonii var. simulans Fassett]


Bidens frondosa Linnaeus - Common Beggar-ticks. 2n = 48.


Swamps, shores, damp, open places.


Bidens heterodoxa (Fernald) Fernald & H. St. John - 2n = 48.


Lake shores. [B. heterodoxa var. agnostica Fernald; B. heterodoxa var. monardifolia Fernald]


Bidens hyperborea Greene - Estuary Beggar-ticks. 2n = (24), 36, (48).


Tidal mud-flats. [B. hyperborea var. cathancensis Fernald; B. hyperborea var. colpophila (Fernald & H. St. John) Fernald]


Bidens laevis (Linnaeus) Britton, Sterns & Poggenberg - Larger Bur-marigold. 2n = (22), 24, (72).


Marshes, shores of ponds and slow streams.


BIDENS PILOSA Linnaeus - Cobblers’-pegs. 2n = (24), (36), 48, (56), 72, (80).


Waste places. From Mexico, Central & South America. [B. PILOSA var. RADIATA (Schultz-Bipontinus) J.A. Schmidt]


BIDENS POLYLEPIS S.F. Blake - 2n = 24.


Roadsides, low fields, marshes, waste places. From farther west and south.


BIDENS TENUISECTA A. Gray - 2n = 24, (48).


Wool waste. From farther west.


Bidens trichosperma (Michaux) Britton - Tickseed-sunflower. 2n = 24.


Meadows, swamps, bogs. [B. coronata (Linnaeus) Britton – invalid name; B. coronata (Linnaeus) Britton var. brachyodonta Fernald]


Bidens tripartita Linnaeus - 2n = 48, (72).


Marshes, meadows, shores, other wet sites. [B. comosa (A. Gray) Wiegand]


Bidens vulgata Greene - Tall Beggar-ticks. 2n = 24, 48.


Low ground, ditches, roadsides, waste places, often in moist soil.


Bidens hybrids

Bidens cernua Linnaeus X B. connata Muhlenberg ex Willdenow - .



Bidens cernua Linnaeus X B. hyperborea Greene - .



Bidens connata Muhlenberg ex Willdenow X B. tripartita Linnaeus - .



Bidens X multiceps Fassett - .


[B. connata Muhlenberg ex Willdenow X B. eatonii Fernald]



BIFORA (Family: Apiaceae)


BIFORA RADIANS M. von Bieberstein - Wild Bishop. 2n = 20, (22).


Waste places. From Eurasia.



BISTORTA (Family: Polygonaceae)


BISTORTA OFFICINALIS Delarbre - European Bistort. 2n = 24, (46), 48, (84).


Fields, meadows, thickets. From Eurasia. [POLYGONUM BISTORTA Linnaeus]


Bistorta vivipara (Linnaeus) Delarbre - Alpine Bistort. 2n = 96, (99), (100), 120, (132), (200).


Alpine areas. [Polygonum viviparum Linnaeus]



BLEPHILIA (Family: Lamiaceae)


Blephilia ciliata (Linnaeus) Bentham - . 2n = ?


Fields, river meadows, woodlands, roadsides, railroads.


Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Bentham - . 2n = ?


Moist woodlands, dry fields. [B. hirsuta var. glabrata Fernald]



BLITUM (Family: Amaranthaceae)


Blitum capitatum Linnaeus subsp. capitatum - Strawberry-blite. 2n = 18.


Open woods, clearings. [Chenopodium capitatum (Linnaeus) Ambrosi]


BLITUM VIRGATUM Linnaeus - Strawberry Spinach. 2n = 18.


Waste places. From Eurasia, northern Africa. [CHENOPODIUM FOLIOSUM Ascherson]


BOECHERA (Family: Brassicaceae)


Boechera grahamii (Lehmann) Windham & Al-Shehbaz - Purple Rock-cress. 2n = 21, 42.


Ledges. [Arabis brachycarpa (Torrey & A. Gray) Britton - illegitimate name; Arabis divaricarpa - misapplied]


Boechera stricta (Graham) Al-Shehbaz - Drummond’s Rock-cress. 2n = 14, (21), (28).


Rocky slopes, ledges. [Arabis drummondii A. Gray]



BOEHMERIA (Family: Urticaceae)


Boehmeria cylindrica (Linnaeus) Swartz - False Nettle. 2n = 28.


Moist or wet soil. [B. cylindrica var. drummondiana (Weddell) Weddell]



BOLBOSCHOENUS (Family: Cyperaceae)


Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torrey) Soják - River Bulrush. 2n = ca. 94, 104, 110.


Freshwater shores, inland marshes.  [Scirpus fluviatilis (Torrey) A. Gray]   MAINE herbarium image


BOLBOSCHOENUS GLAUCUS (Lamarck) S.G. Smith - . 2n = 110.


Disturbed freshwater shores, inland marshes. From Eurasia, Africa.   UTC herbarium image


Bolboschoenus maritimus (Linnaeus) Palla subsp. maritimus - Saltmarsh Bulrush. 2n = 108, 110.


Coastal shores, brackish to saline marshes, and tidal river shores.  [Scirpus maritimus Linnaeus var. fernaldii (E.P. Bicknell) Beetle]   NY herbarium image


Bolboschoenus maritimus (Linnaeus) Palla subsp. paludosus (A. Nelson) T. Koyama. - Bayonet Grass. 2n = ca. 90, 104, ca. 110.


Coastal shores and brackish to saline marshes.  [Scirpus maritimus Linnaeus var. paludosus (A. Nelson) Kükenthal; S. paludosus A. Nelson var. atlanticus Fernald; ]


Bolboschoenus novae-angliae (Britton) S.G. Smith - . 2n = ?


Slightly brackish coastal shores and marshes.  [Scirpus cylindricus misapplied]


Bolboschoenus robustus (Pursh) Soják - Seacoast Bulrush. 2n = 106-110.


Coastal shores and brackish to saline marshes.  [Scirpus robustus Pursh]


Bolboschoenus hybrid

Bolboschoenus maritimus (Linnaeus) Palla subsp. maritimus X B. robustus (Pursh) Sojãk




BOLTONIA (Family: Asteraceae)


BOLTONIA ASTEROIDES (Linnaeus) L’Héritier var. LATISQUAMA (A. Gray) Cronquist - 2n = 18.


Waste places, roadsides. From farther west. [B. LATISQUAMA A. Gray var. LATISQUAMA]


BOLTONIA ASTEROIDES (Linnaeus) L’Héritier var. RECOGNITA ((Fernald & Griscom) Cronquist - 2n = 18, 36.


Waste places. From farther west. [B. LATISQUAMA A. Gray var. RECOGNITA Fernald & Griscom]



BORAGO (Family: Boraginaceae)


BORAGO OFFICINALIS Linnaeus - Borage. 2n = 16.


Waste places, fields. From Eurasia, northwestern Africa.



BORODINIA (Family: Brassicaceae)


Borodinia canadensis (Linnaeus) P.J. Alexander & Windham - Sicklepod. 2n = 14.


Rocky wooded slopes, rich woods. [Arabis canadensis Linnaeus; Boechera canadensis (Linnaeus) Al-Shehbaz]


Borodinia laevigata (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) P.J. Alexander & Windham - Smooth Rock-cress. 2n = 14.


Dry, rocky, wooded slopes, shaded ledges (chiefly calcareous), rich woods. [Arabis laevigata (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Poiret; Boechera laevigata (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Al-Shehbaz]


Borodinia missouriensis (Greene) P.J. Alexander & Windham - Green Rock-cress. 2n = ?


Dry ledges, rocky woods. [Arabis missouriensis Greene; Boechera missouriensis (Greene) Al-Shehbaz]



BOTRYCHIUM (Family: Ophioglossaceae)


Botrychium dissectum Sprengel - Cut-leaved Grape Fern. 2n = 90, 180.


Woods, open thickets, clearings, sandy barrens. [B. dissectum Sprengel var. obliquum (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Clute]   CONN herbarium image


Botrychium lanceolatum (S.G. Gmelin) Ångström subsp. angustisegmentum (Pease & A.H. Moore) R.T. Clausen
- Triangle Grape Fern. 2n = 90.


Moist, cool, rich woods, swamp margins, meadows, peaty slopes, clearings. [B. lanceolatum var. angustisegmentum Pease & A.H. Moore]   NEBC herbarium image


Botrychium lunaria (Linnaeus) Swartz - Common Moonwort. 2n = (ca. 60), (80), 90, (96).


Open, gravelly or rocky slopes, pastures, meadows, shores, chiefly in calcareous soils.   VT herbarium image


Botrychium matricariifolium (Döll) A. Braun ex W.D.J. Koch - Daisyleaf Grape Fern. 2n = 180.


Rich, usually moist, deciduous woods and thickets.   CONN herbarium image


Botrychium minganense Victorin - Mingan Moonwort. 2n = 180.


Habitats similar to those of B. lunaria. [B. lunaria (Linnaeus) Swartz forma minganense (Victorin) Clute; B. lunaria var. minganense (Victorin) Dole]   NEBC herbarium image


Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmelin) Ruprecht - Leathery Grape Fern. 2n = 90.


Peaty, sandy, or gravelly slopes, sparse woods, thickets, clearings, usually in acid soils. [B. multifidum var. intermedium (D.C. Eaton) Farwell]   CONN herbarium image


Botrychium oneidense (Gilbert) House - Oneida Grape Fern. 2n = 90.

Moist, acidic woods and swamps. [B. dissectum Sprengel var. oneidense (Gilbert) Farwell; B. multifidum (S.G. Gmelin) Ruprecht var. oneidense (Gilbert) Farwell]. Distribution data were not collected for this taxon as it was inadequately distinguished from B. dissectum Sprengel and B. multifidum (S.G. Gmelin) Ruprecht in New England herbaria.]   CONN herbarium image


Botrychium pallidum W.H. Wagner - . 2n = 90.


Dry ridges.   MAINE herbarium image


Botrychium rugulosum W.H. Wagner - . 2n = 90.


Open fields and secondary forests. [We found no annotated vouchers for this relatively recently recognized taxon in New England herbaria. The distribution data are taken from W.H. Wagner, Jr. & F.S. Wagner (1982).]   CONN herbarium image


Botrychium simplex E. Hitchcock - Least Grape Fern. 2n = 90.


Meadows, moist woods, edges of swamps and pastures, open shores, usually in poor soils. [B. simplex var. tenebrosum (A.A. Eaton) R.T. Clausen]   VT herbarium image


Botrychium spathulatum W.H. Wagner - 2n = 180.


Marble terrace with shallow soil.   VT herbarium image


Botrychium virginianum (Linnaeus) Swartz - Rattlesnake Fern. 2n = 184.


Rich woods and thickets in neutral to slightly acid soils. [B. virginianum var. europaeum Angström]   NEBC herbarium image



BOUTELOUA (Family: Poaceae)


Bouteloua curtipendula (Michaux) Torrey - Tall Grama-grass. 2n = (20), (28), (35), 40, (42-103).


Dry woods.


BOUTELOUA DACTYLOIDES (Nuttall) J.T. Columbus - Buffalograss. 2n = (20), 40, (56), 60.


Waste areas, sandy banks. From farther west.


BOUTELOUA GRACILIS (Kunth) Lagasca y Segura ex Griffiths - Blue Grama-grass. 2n = 20-84.


Waste areas. From farther west.


BOUTELOUA REPENS (Kunth) Scribner & Merrill - Slender Grama-grass. 2n = 20, 40, 60.


Waste areas. From farther west and south. [B. FILIFORMIS (E. Fournier) Griffiths]


BOUTELOUA RIGIDISETA (Steudel) Hitchcock - . 2n = 28, 35, 40.


Waste areas. From farther west and south.


BOUTELOUA SIMPLEX Lagasca - Mat Grama-grass. 2n = 20, 40.


Waste areas, wool waste. From farther west.



BRACHYELYTRUM (Family: Poaceae)


Brachyelytrum aristosum (Michaux) P. Beauvois ex Trelease - . 2n = 22.


Rich, moist woods and thickets. [B. erectum var. glabratum misapplied; B. erectum var. septentrionale Babel]


Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreber) P. Beauvois - . 2n = 22.


Rich, moist woods and thickets.



BRACHYPODIUM (Family: Poaceae)


BRACHYPODIUM PINNATUM (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois - . 2n = (14), (18), 28.


Waste areas. From Europe.



BRASENIA (Family: Cabombaceae)


Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmelin - Water-shield. 2n = (72), 80.


Ponds, lakes, slow streams.



BRASSICA (Family: Brassicaceae)


BRASSICA JUNCEA (Linnaeus) Czernajew - Indian Mustard. 2n = 36.


Fields, waste places, roadsides. From Eurasia, Africa. [B. JUNCEA var. CRISPIFOLIA L.H. Bailey]


BRASSICA NAPUS Linnaeus - Turnip. 2n = (20), (32), (36), 38, (40).


Fields, waste places, roadsides. From Eurasia, Africa. [B. NAPOBRASSICA (Linnaeus) Miller]


BRASSICA NIGRA (Linnaeus) W.D.J. Koch - Black Mustard. 2n = 16, (18), (24), (32).


Fields, waste places, roadsides. From Eurasia, Africa.


BRASSICA OLERACEA Linnaeus - Cabbage. 2n = 18, (36).


Waste places. From Eurasia, Africa.


BRASSICA RAPA Linnaeus - Field Mustard. 2n = 20.


Fields, waste places, roadsides. From Eurasia, Africa.



BRAYA (Family: Brassicaceae)


Braya humilis (C.A. Meyer) B.L. Robinson subsp. humilis - Northern Rock-cress. 2n = 28, 42, 56, (70).


Calcareous cliffs and talus. [B. humilis var. leiocarpa (Trautvetter) Fernald; Neotorularia humilis (C.A. Meyer) Hedge & J. Léonard]



BRIZA (Family: Poaceae)


BRIZA MEDIA Linnaeus - . 2n = 14, 28.


Roadsides, meadows, moist soil. From Europe.


BRIZA MINOR Linnaeus - . 2n = 10, (14).


Waste places. From Europe.



BROMUS (Family: Poaceae)


BROMUS ARVENSIS Linnaeus - . 2n = 14, (21).


Fields, roadsides. From Europe.


BROMUS BRIZIFORMIS Fischer & C.A. Meyer - Quake-grass. 2n = 14.


Roadsides, waste places. From Europe.


BROMUS CARINATUS Hooker & Arnott var. MARGINATUS (Nees ex Steudel) Barkworth & Anderson - . 2n = 42, 56.


Waste places. From farther west. [B. BREVIARISTATUS Buckley; B. MARGINATUS Nees ex Steudel]


Bromus ciliatus Linnaeus - Fringed Brome. 2n = 14, (28).


Rich, moist thickets. [B. ciliatus var. intonsus Fernald; B. dudleyi Fernald]


BROMUS COMMUTATUS Schrader - Hairy Chess. 2n = 14, 28, (56).


Fields, roadsides, waste places. From Europe.


BROMUS DIANDRUS Roth var. RIGIDUS (Roth) Sales - Ripgut Grass. 2n = (14), (28), 42, (56), (70).


Waste places, seaports. From Europe. [B. RIGIDUS Roth]


BROMUS ERECTUS Hudson - . 2n = (14), (28), (36), (42), 56, (70).


Fields, roadsides. From Europe.


BROMUS HORDEACEUS Linnaeus subsp. HORDEACEUS - Soft Chess. 2n = (14), 28.


Fields, roadsides, waste places. From Europe. [B. MOLLIS Linnaeus]


BROMUS HORDEACEUS Linnaeus subsp. PSEUDOTHOMINEI (P.M. Smith) H. Scholz - . 2n = ?


Low meadows, grasslands. From Europe. [B. MOLLIS Linnaeus forma LEIOSTACHYS (Hartman) Fernald]


BROMUS HORDEACEUS Linnaeus subsp. THOMINEI (Hardouin) Braun-Blanquet - . 2n = ?


Waste places. From Europe. [B. THOMINEI Hardouin]


BROMUS INERMIS Leysser - Hungarian Brome. 2n = 28, 42, 56.


Fields, roadsides. From Europe. [B. INERMIS var. DIVARICATUS Rohlena]


BROMUS JAPONICUS Houttuyn - Japanese Chess. 2n = 14, (28).


Waste places. From Eurasia. [B. JAPONICUS var. PORRECTUS Hackel]


Bromus kalmii A. Gray - . 2n = 14, 28.


Basic soil in dry, rocky or sandy woods and thickets and in meadows.


Bromus latiglumis (Scribner ex Shear) Hitchcock - . 2n = 14.


Rich, alluvial woods and riverbanks. [B. altissimus Pursh; B. purgans - misapplied]


BROMUS LEPIDUS Holmberg - . 2n = (14), 28.


Waste places. From the Old World.


Bromus pubescens Muhlenberg ex Willdenow - Canada Brome. 2n = 14.


Dry, open, woods in basic soil. [B. purgans - misapplied; B. purgans var. laeviglumis (Scribner ex Shear) Swallen]


BROMUS RACEMOSUS Linnaeus - . 2n = (14), 28.


Waste places. From Europe.


BROMUS RUBENS Linnaeus - Foxtail Chess. 2n = (14), 28.


Wool waste. From Eurasia, northern Africa.


BROMUS SECALINUS Linnaeus - Cheat. 2n = (14), 28, (56).


Fields, waste places, roadsides. From Europe.


BROMUS SQUARROSUS Linnaeus - . 2n = 14.


Waste places. From Europe.


BROMUS STERILIS Linnaeus - . 2n = 14, 28.


Waste places, roadsides. From Europe.


BROMUS TECTORUM Linnaeus - Downy Chess. 2n = 14, (28).


Fields, roadsides, waste places. From Europe.



BROUSSONETIA (Family: Moraceae)


BROUSSONETIA PAPYRIFERA (Linnaeus) L'Héritier ex Ventenat - Paper-mulberry. 2n = 26.


Roadsides, thickets. From eastern Asia.



BUDDLEJA (Family: Scrophulariaceae)


BUDDLEJA DAVIDII Franchet - Orange-eye Butterfly-bush. 2n = 76.


Woodland margins, dry banks, roadsides, waste places. From China.



BUGLOSSOIDES (Family: Boraginaceae)


BUGLOSSOIDES ARVENSIS (Linnaeus) I.M. Johnston - Corn Gromwell. 2n = 28, (36), 42.


Waste places, roadsides, railroads, sandy fields. From Eurasia, northern Africa. [LITHOSPERMUM ARVENSE Linnaeus]



BULBOSTYLIS (Family: Cyperaceae)


Bulbostylis capillaris (Linnaeus) Kunth ex C.B. Clarke - . 2n = 72, 84.


Dry, open soil, sandy or gravelly waste areas. [B. capillaris var. crebra Fernald]



BUNIAS (Family: Brassicaceae)


BUNIAS ORIENTALIS Linnaeus - Turkish Rocket. 2n = 14, (28), (42).


Roadsides, waste places. From Eurasia.



BUPLEURUM (Family: Apiaceae)


BUPLEURUM LANCIFOLIUM Hornemann - . 2n = 16.


Roadsides, waste places. From the Mediterranean region.


BUPLEURUM ROTUNDIFOLIUM Linnaeus Thoroughwax - . 2n = 16.


Roadsides, fields. From Eurasia, northwestern Africa.



BUTOMUS (Family: Butomaceae)


BUTOMUS UMBELLATUS Linnaeus - Flowering Rush. 2n = (16), (20), (24), 26, (30), 39, (40).


Muddy shores and marshes. From Eurasia.   CONN herbarium image





Designed by Ray Angelo. Revised Apr. 9, 2021