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Genera - J
Jasione
Juglans
Juncus
Juniperus
Justicia
JACOBAEA (Family: Asteraceae)
JACOBAEA VULGARIS Gaertner - Stinking Willie. 2n = 40.
Wet pastures, roadsides. From Eurasia, northern Africa. [SENECIO JACOBAEA Linnaeus]
JASIONE (Family: Campanulaceae)
JASIONE MONTANA Linnaeus - Sheep’s-bit. 2n = 12.
Roadsides, sandy banks, fields, waste places, often in sandy soil. From Eurasia.
JUGLANS (Family: Juglandaceae)
JUGLANS AILANTIFOLIA Carrière - Japanese Walnut. 2n = 32.
Thickets, roadsides. From Japan, Sakhalin, Russia. [J. MANDSHURICA Maximowicz var. SACHALINENSIS (Miyabe & Kudo) Kitamura; J. SIEBOLDIANA Maximowicz]
Juglans cinerea Linnaeus - Butternut. 2n = 32.
Roadsides, rich woods, river terraces and valleys, rocky slopes.
Juglans nigra Linnaeus - Black Walnut. 2n = 32.
Rich woods.
JUNCUS (Family: Juncaceae)
Juncus alpinoarticulatus Chaix - Alpine Rush. 2n = 40.
Shores, meadows, usually basic. [J. alpinus Villars; J. alpinus var. fuscescens Fernald; J. alpinus var. rariflorus Hartmann]
Juncus anthelatus (Wiegand) R.E. Brooks - . 2n = 80.
Moist sandy or clay soils. [J. tenuis Willdenow var. anthelatus Wiegand]
Juncus articulatus Linnaeus - . 2n = (40), 80.
Shores, springy spots, ditches. [J. articulatus var. obtusatus Engelmann]
Juncus balticus Willdenow subsp. littoralis (Engelmann) Snogerup - Wire Rush. 2n = ?
Sandy shores, sphagnous meadows. [J. arcticus Willdenow var. balticus (Willdenow) Trautvetter]
Juncus brachycarpus Engelmann - . 2n = 44.
Salt marshes, ocean beaches.
Juncus brachycephalus (Engelmann) Buchenau - . 2n = 80.
Basic shores, marshes, meadows, swamps.
Juncus bufonius Linnaeus - Toad Rush. 2n = 80, 106, 108.
Shores, salt marshes, roadsides, moist to wet borrow pits. [J. bufonius var. halophilus Buchenau & Fernald]
Juncus canadensis J. Gay ex Laharpe - . 2n = 80.
Shores, swamps, marshes, meadows. [J. canadensis var. sparsiflorus Fernald]
JUNCUS COMPRESSUS Jacquin - . 2n = 44.
Disturbed wet ground, especially ditches, roadsides, frequently saline or basic soils. From Europe.
Juncus debilis A. Gray - . 2n = ?.
Ditches, pools, shores.
Juncus dichotomus Elliott - . 2n = ca. 80.
Sandy or sphagnous shores, salt marsh borders. [J. platyphyllus (Wiegand) Fernald; J. tenuis Willdenow var. dichotomus (Elliott) Alph. Wood]
JUNCUS DIFFUSISSIMUS Buckley - . 2n = ?
Waste places, shores, typically in sandy, wet soil. Probably from South America.
Juncus dudleyi Wiegand - . 2n = 42, 80, ca. 84.
Shores, boggy meadows, in basic soils. [J. tenuis Willdenow var. dudleyi (Wiegand) F.J. Hermann]
Juncus effusus Linnaeus - Tufted Rush. 2n = (5), 40, 42.
Marshy ground, low spots. [J. effusus var. compactus misapplied; J. effusus var. conglomeratus (Linnaeus) Engelmann invalid name; J. effusus var. costulatus Fernald; J. effusus var. decipiens Buchenau; J. effusus var. pylaei (Laharpe) Fernald & Wiegand; J. effusus subsp. solutus (Fernald & Wiegand) H¨met-Ahti; J. effusus var. solutus Fernald & Wiegand; J. conglomeratus Linnaeus; J. pylaei Laharpe]
JUNCUS ENSIFOLIUS Wikström var. ENSIFOLIUS - . 2n = 40.
Disturbed wet ground, especially ditches, roadsides. From farther west.
Juncus filiformis Linnaeus - . 2n = (40), (70), (80), 84.
Shores, swamps, bogs, alpine meadows.
Juncus gerardii Loiseleur-Deslongchamps - Black Grass. 2n = 80, 84.
Salt marshes. [J. gerardii var. pedicellatus Fernald]
Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuckerman - . 2n = 80.
Dry, open places, usually well-drained, sandy soil. In pine lands near lake shores, dunes.
JUNCUS INFLEXUS Linnaeus - . 2n = 20, (38), 40, (80).
Meadows, damp roadsides. From Eurasia and northern Africa.
Juncus marginatus Rostkovius - Grass Rush. 2n = (38), 40.
Sandy pond margins, wet meadows. [J. biflorus Elliott]
Juncus militaris Bigelow - Bayonet Rush. 2n = ?.
Shallow water of ponds and streams with sandy, gravelly or sphagnous margins.
Juncus nodosus Linnaeus - . 2n = 40.
Shores, marshes, meadows, swamps, especially basic soils.
Juncus pelocarpus E. Meyer - . 2n = 40.
Sandy shores, marshes, ditches.
Juncus pervetus Fernald - . 2n = ?
Salt marsh borders. [J. SUBNODULOSUS Schrank misapplied] This taxon is possibly of hybrid origin. Only historical collections with aborted seeds are known.
Juncus pondii Alph. Wood - . 2n = 40.
Tidal mud flats, salt marsh borders, ditches, shores, meadows. [J. acuminatus Michaux -- invalid name]
Juncus secundus P. Beauvois ex Poiret - . 2n = ca. 80.
Ledges, dry, open, sterile soils.
Juncus stygius Linnaeus var. americanus Buchenau - . 2n = ?.
Bogs, bog pools.
Juncus subcaudatus (Engelmann) Coville & S. F. Blake - . 2n = ?.
Swamps, bogs, shaded spring-heads, mossy woods.
Juncus subtilis E. Meyer - Creeping Rush. 2n = 40.
Muddy shores.
Juncus tenuis Willdenow - Path Rush. 2n = (40), (80), 84.
Roadsides, paths. [J. tenuis var. williamsii Fernald]
JUNCUS TORREYI Coville - . 2n = 40.
Shores, ditches, roadsides. From farther west and south.
Juncus trifidus Linnaeus - Highland Rush. 2n = 30, (40).
Exposed, rocky or sterile summits. [J. trifidus var. monanthos misapplied]
Juncus tweedyi Rydberg - . 2n = 80.
Shores, bogs, marshes. [J. brevicaudatus (Engelmann) Fernald -- invalid name]
Juncus vaseyi Engelmann - . 2n = 42, ca. 80.
Swamps, shores, thickets.
JUNCUS hybrids
Juncus articulatus Linnaeus X J. brevicaudatus (Engelmann) Fernald - .
Juncus brevicaudatus (Engelmann) Fernald X J. nodosus Linnaeus - .
Juncus x oronensis Fernald (pro species) - .
Alder swamps, thickets. [J. tenuis Willdenow X J. vaseyi Engelmann ?]
Juncus secundus P. Beauvois ex Poiret X J. tenuis Willdenow - .
Juncus tenuis Willdenow X J. vaseyi Engelmann - .
JUNIPERUS (Family: Cupressaceae)
JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS Linnaeus var. COMMUNIS Pursh - Common Juniper. 2n = 22.
Woodland clearings, cemeteries. From Eurasia.
Juniperus communis Linnaeus var. depressa Pursh - Ground Juniper. 2n = 22.
Poor soils in open areas, especially old pastures and ledges, persisting in recent woodlands. [Larger individuals have been misidentified as var. COMMUNIS.] CONN herbarium image
Juniperus horizontalis Moench - Creeping Juniper. 2n = 22.
Ledges, sandy or rocky banks. CONN herbarium image
Juniperus virginiana Linnaeus var. virginiana - Eastern Red Cedar. 2n = 22.
Mostly dry, open sites (typically old fields), rocky slopes, borders of salt marshes, persisting in recent woodlands. [J. virginiana var. crebra Fernald & Griscom] CONN herbarium image
Juniperus communis Linnaeus var. depressa Pursh X J. virginiana Linnaeus var. virginiana.
Juniperus horizontalisMoench X J. virginiana Linnaeus var. virginiana.
JUSTICIA (Family: Acanthaceae)
Justicia americana (Linnaeus) Vahl - . 2n = 26.
Margins or shallow beds of streams.
Designed by Ray Angelo. Revised June 13, 2022